Pillar 2 · Networking
Networking
How machines talk to each other. Eight guides are being written in the full TechForge style — diagrams, quizzes, interview questions — and land here topic by topic.
The roadmap
01Writing
The TCP/IP Stack
Four layers, what each one adds, and how a packet is wrapped and unwrapped end to end.
02Writing
TCP vs UDP
Handshakes, reliability, ordering, and when you deliberately choose the unreliable one.
03Writing
DNS
Recursive vs authoritative resolution, record types, caching and TTLs — the internet's phonebook.
04Writing
HTTP & HTTPS
Methods, status codes, headers, HTTP/1.1 vs 2 vs 3, and what TLS actually encrypts.
05Writing
What Happens When You Type a URL
The evergreen interview question, answered layer by layer with a full diagram.
06Writing
Sockets & Ports
What a socket is, the accept loop, ephemeral ports, and reading netstat like a pro.
07Writing
IP, Subnets & Routing
CIDR notation, public vs private ranges, NAT, and how routers pick a path.
08Writing
WebSockets & Real-Time
Upgrading past request/response — long polling, SSE, WebSockets, and when each wins.